ideas! for Church Leaders: Vol.5 issue Two Winter 2005-2006: Here is your God! (Isaiah 40:9c)
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  How to Prepare for the Christmas Season: “O Come, O Come, Emmanuel”  
         
 
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  Advent is a season of preparation. In this time of waiting, the lectionary readings call us to texts of repentance and anticipation. For this season, the church has developed a particular form of prayer as a way of marking time and heightening the expectation. The Great O’s are a series of antiphons or verses that date back as far as the seventh century and were historically used during the week before Christmas Eve. The famous hymn “O Come, O Come, Emmanuel” (no. 9 in The Presbyterian Hymnal) is derived from the antiphons.

The significance of the Great O antiphons was to provide a contrast to other secular and religious celebrations during these days. These verses provide a way of encouraging Christians to pray with anticipation for God’s presence and deliverance. The Great O antiphons can be found in the Book of Common Worship, pp. 166–67. Beginning on December 17 and continuing each day until Christmas Eve you will find an invocation to the Messiah accompanied by a messianic title that may be paired with a reading from Scripture. For example:

 
     
 
December 17
O Wisdom Proverbs 8:22–31
       
December 18
  O Adonai   Exodus 3:1–6
         
December 19
  O Root of Jesse   Isaiah 11:1–10
       
December 20
  O Key of David   Isaiah 22:21–23
         
December 21
  O Radiant Dawn   Numbers 24:15–17
         
December 22
  O Ruler of the Nations   Jeremiah 30:7–11
         
December 23
  O Emmanuel   Isaiah 7:10–16
 
     
 

Verses of the hymn “O Come, O Come Emmanuel” may be sung as a response to the reading. An alternate setting is found in The Psalter: Psalms and Canticles for Singing.

In this time when Advent and Christmas have once again become countercultural, using the Great O antiphons is a powerful way to connect with the testimony of Christians through the ages and to witness to the coming of the birth of Jesus Christ.

More about the Great O antiphons as well as the seasons of Advent and Christmas may be found in The Companion to the Book of Common Worship, edited by Peter C. Bower, published by Geneva Press, 2003.

 
         
 

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Paul Galbreath formerly served as associate for Worship in the Office of Theology and Worship. For additional information, contact Chip Andrus (888) 728-7228, ext. 5777.

 
         
         
         
         
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