Hierarchical Relationship

• See others in hierarchical terms


• Formal interpersonal relationship


• Very complex rules for speech and conduct

Egalitarianism

• See others as equals


• Informal interpersonal relationship


• Less complex rules for speech and conduct

• Emphasis on roles assigned to different hierarchical positions
  
• Emphasis on performing appropriate functions

• Premium attached to the individual's rights


• Self-reliance and self-determination

• Emphasis on docility


• Conformity to assigned roles

• Standing up for (demanding) personal rights


• Expression of personal thoughts and feelings

• The individual's position in a group success (e.g., family, church, corporation, etc.)


• Self-development related to group expectations


• Ascriptive motivation (succeeding for the group)

• The individual's competence achievements


• Development of a person's unique qualities


• Self-initiated activities for personal success

• Watch, listen and do


• Communication by commands and demands

• Participatory decision making


• Frequent exchange of ideas and feelings

• The cognitive and the affective as well the objective from the subjective are often combined


• Spontaneous and/or simultaneous exchanges among communicants


• Highly structured teaching learning situations

• Separating the cognitive from the affective, the objective from the subjective


• Serial exchange among communicants


• Relatively loosely structured teaching learning situations